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Tupac often talked about dying young. That’s part of why his murder still haunts us

Just out of jail, Tupac Shakur told CNN in 1995 that he was ready to start part two of his life

(CNN) — Tupac Shakur’s death has returned to the minds of many these days, as a man stands trial for his murder nearly three decades after the rapper and actor was gunned down.

The renewed attention is also a reminder that Shakur thought about his own mortality often — and said so, out loud, again and again.

In a now famous Vibe magazine interview the year before his death at the age of 25, Shakur told journalist Kevin Powell, “I don’t have no fear of death.”

“My only fear is coming back reincarnated,” he said at the time. “I’m not trying to make people think I’m in here faking it, but my whole life is going to be about saving somebody. I got to represent life.”

Ultimately, no one was able to save Shakur, who died days after a hail of bullets struck the car he and Death Row Records co-founder Marion “Suge” Knight were driving near the Las Vegas Strip on September 7, 1996, following a Mike Tyson fight at the MGM Grand.

A trial decades in the making

Duane “Keffe D” Davis, 63, is now on trial for allegedly masterminding that killing. Prosecutors don’t claim he pulled the trigger — they allege he orchestrated the ambush from inside a white Cadillac that pulled alongside Shakur’s BMW, in retaliation for an earlier assault on his nephew, Orlando Anderson, at the MGM Grand after the fight.

The case hinges largely on Davis’ own words.

He spoke openly — in interviews, on the VladTV podcast, and in a memoir he co-wrote, “Compton Street Legend: Notorious Keffe D’s Street-Level Accounts of Tupac and Biggie Murders, Death Row Origins, Suge Knight, Puffy Combs, and Crooked Cops” — about his claimed involvement in the crime.

Davis’ 2019 memoir later became a key piece of evidence in the murder case against him, with prosecutors relying heavily on his own published account of the shooting and other public statements. Davis has pleaded not guilty and is now denying any involvement, including claiming he wasn’t in Las Vegas that night in a recent jailhouse interview with KLAS.

His defense appears to be akin to rappers who display bravado in their lyrics: What he has said in the past can be chalked up to exaggeration designed to publicize the book.

During opening statements, Davis’ defense attorney told the jury not to believe his client’s statements.

“Keffe D was known to do this,” he said with the word “bullsh*t” printed on a large screen for the jury.

A prolific chronicler of his own death

The power of words sits at the heart of the current trial but was also a defining feature of Shakur’s life.

A prolific lyricist, he used his music constantly to work through his thoughts on both life and death, rapping in “Smile” about wanting his own funeral turned into a party, and, on the posthumously released “Thugz Mansion,” imagining himself telling his mother not to cry because he was doing fine in heaven.

That there was still music left to release after he died speaks to how Shakur worked.

He spent long stretches in the studio recording, driven, according to his stepbrother Mopreme Shakur, by a sense that his time was limited.

Mopreme Shakur has said that if you listen closely through Shakur’s catalog, there’s a constant thread running through it — a “death chant,” he called it, always circling back to mortality.

According to his step sibling, Shakur was far from alone in that: For many young Black men of his generation, violence and early death weren’t abstract fears but a lived, ever-present possibility.

The shooting that changed everything

Shakur had already survived one such brush with death.

In November 1994, he was shot multiple times during a robbery in the lobby of Quad Recording Studios in Manhattan. The attack helped ignite the East Coast–West Coast rap rivalry that many believe eventually contributed to his murder.

According to an excerpt from Ben Westhoff’s book “Original Gangstas,” published by Vice in 2016, Shakur came to believe that a group he encountered at the studio that night — including producer Sean “Puffy” Combs and his close friend and fellow rapper Christopher Wallace, known as the Notorious B.I.G. — had a hand in the ambush.

Shakur later described the group as looking guilty and startled when he rode the elevator up, wounded, and found them there, as recounted in the book’s excerpt. Combs and Wallace denied any connection, with Combs insisting they’d shown Shakur nothing but concern.

The fallout compounded quickly.

Shortly after the shooting, Shakur was convicted of sexual abuse in connection to a young woman, Ayanna Jackson, who said she was attacked in his New York hotel suite after meeting him previously.

Sentenced to a year and a half in prison pending appeal, with bail set at $3 million, Shakur reached out to Knight for help.

Knight paid Shakur’s bail and signed him to Death Row Records in Los Angeles, absorbing his artist’s growing animosity toward Combs, Wallace and their Bad Boy Records circle in New York.

That alliance hardened the East Coast–West Coast feud into something far more dangerous — one later blamed, at least in part, for both Shakur’s murder and, less than a year afterward, the stillunsolved drive-by killing of Wallace in Los Angeles at age 24.

Time to think

Prison gave Shakur time he hadn’t asked for.

“I feel like this jail time was like a coma, except I got to think,” he told CNN on October 24, 1995.

He described watching the world move around him without being part of it.

It was a fitting description of a life defined by that same tension — an artist whose gritty lyrics about surviving the streets mirrored a reality he couldn’t outrun.

Raised in poverty by his mother, former Black Panther activist Afeni Shakur, he cycled in and out of legal trouble throughout his short adult life, including a 1993 case in which he shot two off-duty police officers in Atlanta, charges that were later dropped after evidence surfaced that undercut the officers’ version of events.

Thirty years later, still unfinished

Nearly 30 years on, the case remains unresolved in the fullest sense.

A conviction, if it comes, would answer who allegedly organized the killing, but potentially not who fired the fatal shots. Many of those thought to have been involved in Shakur’s fatal shooting have since died.

For Shakur’s family, watching it unfold has been draining.

His stepbrother has talked about how difficult it has all been for the family and told CNN they remain “cautiously optimistic” about the trial.

Mopreme Shakur and Sekyiwa Shakur, Tupac’s sister, have been in the court gallery throughout the start of the trial. They chose to leave before prosecutors showed graphic autopsy photos of Shakur in court last week.

Family friend Tuere Burns initially remained, but covered her eyes with her hand as the first photos were shown and then walked out of the courtroom, visibly shaken.

Whatever the verdict in the trial, it likely won’t cease the enduring fascination with Shakur, who wrote and rapped about death so often, so specifically, that it can read almost like prophecy in hindsight.

But the truer thread running through his music was as much about urgency as death. He treated every verse like it might be his last, because on some level he suspected it would be.

Three decades later, his listeners are left with his thoughts on how he believed it would all end.

“I believe God blesses us. I believe God blesses those that hustle, those that use their mind and those that overall are righteous,” he said in an interview widely shared on social media. “I believe that your karma, everything that you do bad, comes back to you. So anything that I’m doing that’s bad, I’m gonna have to suffer for, but in my heart, I think what I’m doing is right, you know what I mean, so I feel like I’m going to heaven.”

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Human remains found in Tucson’s vast desert have fueled speculation about a link to Nancy Guthrie. Here’s what’s going on

(CNN) — As the chief medical examiner for a county that stores the most human remains in the nation, Greg Hess has for decades been accustomed to the many that arrive at his office every year after being found in the vast and rugged southern Arizona desert.People traveling through the remote Sonoran Desert die from its extreme heat, harsh conditions and rough terrain. Most of the people who are found dead there every year are assumed to be migrants, Hess says, because of the desert’s location on the southern border.But ever since Nancy Guthrie disappeared from her home in Tucson nearly seven months ago, the first question Hess says he asks himself when a set of human remains arrives at his office in Pima County for examination is whether they could be hers.“Every time somebody found a body in the wash or somewhere else in southern Arizona over the past few months, there’s speculation that it’s the person everybody’s interested in,” Hess told CNN.Questions swirled last week when human remains were found in the desert about 15 miles from where the mother of NBC “Today” show host Savannah Guthrie lived.While announcing the discovery, authorities said there was “no indication” the remains belonged to Guthrie but stopped short of fully ruling out a connection. The sheriff’s office later declined to say why that determination was made, when the remains were found or who found them when asked by CNN.Pima County has for years ranked among the highest in the nation for the number of unidentified human remains, according to the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (NamUs).The fact a majority of them belong to people who traveled from another country and the conditions of the desert itself both complicate efforts to identify remains, therefore hindering missing persons cases, experts say.Heat, sunlight exposure, monsoons, animals and others speed up decomposition, Hess says. Many of the human remains that arrive at his office are either fully or partially skeletonized, he added.The national spotlight on the area since Guthrie’s disappearance has in turn led to a greater public awareness about the many people who go missing or die in the sprawling desert and reveals just how many families are also searching for answers.Why it’s not unusual to find remains in TucsonLast Monday, sheriff’s deputies were seen at the reported location of the human remains, on a hillside covered in saguaro cacti overlooking a busy four-lane highway in southwest Tucson.The residential area, which sits on the outskirts of the city limit, is one turn off a road called Ajo Way that leads to a handful of homes with long driveways.Just three months earlier, another discovery of human remains near Guthrie’s home also made headlines. Meanwhile, investigators continue to run lab analyses on DNA found at her home as the desperate search for Guthrie continues.Many of the human remains found in the Sonoran Desert, which covers over 100,000 miles, are believed to be people who have often died from dehydration or exposure to other harsh conditions, according to experts including Hess.The desert’s location on the southern border has led to many migrants attempting to cross it by using dangerous backcountry routes, the experts said.All four of the land border states — California, Arizona, New Mexico and Texas — have significantly high rates of human remains discovered and unidentified persons cases every year, according to Dr. Molly Kaplan, post-doctoral scholar at Texas State University who also works for its program focused on border crossing-related deaths in Texas.Anthropology experts like Kaplan consider deaths in those regions an ongoing “chronic mass disaster,” she says.Most of the roughly 150 sets of human remains that Hess says are discovered in Pima County every year turn up after monsoon season ends in late September, said Bradley Bartos, assistant professor at the University of Arizona.Monsoons bring extreme winds and flash flooding that can free the remains from wedged or remote positions and push them “down-wash into a more eminently discoverable place,” Bartos said.“Those same reasons explain why there is very low probability those recently discovered remains will turn out to be related to the Nancy Guthrie case,” Bartos said.Hess says he’s always been able to quickly rule out that any of the human remains found in Pima County were consistent with Guthrie.He says his office receives up to 5,000 death reports yearly and stores about 600 sets of human remains, which is the most of any county nationwide.In comparison, Tucson’s county seat is storing 300 more unidentified human remains than Los Angeles County — an area home to 9 million more residents, according to NamUs.Pima County, however, is set up to handle the workload. “We’ve had a lot of experience with people dying in desert areas,” Hess says.It’s unusual for even one anthropologist to be on staff at a medical examiner’s office, but there are three at Hess’ office, which he says is because, “We just get the volume of skeletal remains.”Damage to the remains could complicate evidenceThe discovery of human remains that set off a firestorm of questions about a possible link to Guthrie developed during an agonizing, monthslong search for the beloved mother.The investigation continues to produce few public leads despite intensive efforts to find her.But the lack of clarity from officials doesn’t mean they’ve hit a dead end; There may be “practical law enforcement concerns behind their silence,” according to CNN Chief Law Enforcement and Intelligence Analyst John Miller.Authorities saying there is no indication the remains are tied to the Guthrie case and a statement officially ruling it out are “two different things,” Miller said.“The first requires an investigative judgment based on what they see, but the second requires actual scientific evidence,” he said. “Authorities understand that ruling out a connection before they are certain would only draw more criticism to a case where they have already heard their share.”But the scientific evidence needed to rule out that connection could be complicated if the remains are damaged, said Miller.With a complete set of remains, a forensic pathologist could determine fairly quickly whether the bones belonged to a male or female, but without, that task could prove more difficult, he added.The condition of the remains is unclear and officials did not respond to CNN’s request for comment, but Pima County Sheriff Chris Nanos said the remains had already been at the location “for an extended period of time” by the time they were discovered.In the desert, it’s common for human remains to be damaged and become skeletal much faster than in other environments — even as soon as a month or two, according to Hess.Anthropologists such as those at Hess’ office work with the bones to create biological profiles that will help determine the sex and estimate the age, according to Kaplan. At that point, they need to rely on DNA to complete the process, which can be difficult to extract when the remains are fragile, she said.Once they are recovered, the remains are often sun-bleached, scavenged and without any recognizable features, Kaplan said. Remains in the desert might not only get damaged but also scattered over large areas, she added.Damage to the remains creates challenges for families who don’t know where to report their loved one missing, as well as for law enforcement trying to coordinate search efforts and recover remains, she added.Number of human remains in deserts is underreportedEven with the volume of lives lost in deserts, experts believe “the numbers of recorded remains found in these environments is a gross underestimate,” Kaplan said.Taking into consideration all of the people who haven’t been discovered, it would be impossible to quantify the number of lives lost in the area every year and the lasting impact on those left searching for them.To help families with missing loved ones get closure, the Pima County medical examiner started a program in 2018, making it the only county nationwide to store skeletal remains in an air-conditioned space, according to the National Association of Counties.Medical examiners typically cremate remains after a certain period of time if they are not claimed, which prevents family members from making an identification at a later time, Hess said.Even though it comes as a byproduct of the devastating and ongoing search for Nancy Guthrie since her apparent kidnapping in February, Kaplan says any awareness of what anthropologists call the “chronic mass disaster” – or the countless yearly deaths near the southern border – is important.“It makes sense that people would have questions when there’s a specific person who is being looked for,” Kaplan said. “But the reality is that this is happening quite regularly and actually needs to be talked about more.”“Every missing person counts,” she added.The-CNN-Wire™ & © 2026 Cable News Network, Inc., a Warner Bros. Discovery Company. All rights reserved.
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